高科技 advanced science and technology
偶遇 run into
未解之謎 tales of unexplained
加緊 step up
尋找 search of
顯示在某方面（極大）興趣 show great interest in
由于，因?yàn)?due to
令人迷惑的光線 puzzling lights
不在家, 外出 stay out
出現(xiàn)，來到 show up
為……做好準(zhǔn)備 get ready for
根據(jù) according to
滿月 full moon
向后拉開 pull back
排除 rule out
調(diào)查 look into
編造 make up
驚人的故事 amazing stories
負(fù)責(zé) take charge of
放棄 give up
令人信服的證據(jù) convincing evidence
取得進(jìn)步 make progress
對(duì)…感到失望 be disappointed with
實(shí)現(xiàn) come true
從…分離 separate from
拾起，學(xué)會(huì)…，接（人）pick up
偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū) remote areas
遍及全世界 all over the world
相似的描述 similar descriptions
從…下來 come down from
追逐 run after
6英尺高 six-foot-tall/six feet tall
驚人的速度和體力 amazing speed and strength
平均 on average
開玩笑 play a joke
走、去 make one’s way
靠...生活、繼續(xù)生活 live on
二、重點(diǎn)句型
1. Justin did in fact return home on Friday night at about 11p.m.
do 放在謂語動(dòng)詞前表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，“的確，一定”．
［注意］人稱，事態(tài)的變化體現(xiàn)在do上，后面動(dòng)詞用原形．
He did tell us all that had happened.
Do be careful.
2. They saw Justin walking towards his home. 感官動(dòng)詞＋ sb. + doing（片斷）
I heard him put on his favourite CD. 感官動(dòng)詞＋ sb. + do（全過程）
I heard him singing an English song.我聽見他在唱一首英文歌曲．
I heard him sing an English song.我聽見他了唱一首英文歌曲．
I saw him cleaning the blackboard.我看見他在擦黑板．
I saw him clean the black board.我看見他擦了黑板．
3. (1) There were many windows.
③ ② ①
here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語動(dòng)詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell. Here is your letter.
(2) Standing inside were lots of white-skinned, strange- looking creature with large black eyes.
③ ② ①
為了保持句子平衡，避免頭重腳輕，表語或賓語提到句首，進(jìn)行完全倒裝。
Behind him walked the team wearing black and white suits.
③ ② ①
[注意] 全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。
Here he comes. Away they went.
4. it is possible that the man-like creature is an unknown animal.
It is possible to do /that…很可能…
It 在句中是形式主語，后面的to do不定式或that從句是真正主語。
It is possible for him to make rapid progress.
It is possible that I will win the prize.
She is possible to be in London this year.
5. Yeti is said to be heavily built and hairy.
(1) Sb/sth is said to do sth…據(jù)說某人或某物做某事
He is said to be the brightest man in the world.
=people say he is the brightest man in the world.
常使用的句型還有sb/sth is hoped/ thought/ believed/ known…to do
We are hoped to make progress everyday.
(2)It is said that…據(jù)說…
其中It 是形式主語,that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語.
It is said that he is the brightest man in the world.
It is hoped that we can make progress everyday.
6. He became convinced that they exist while (he was) studying the footprints.
while引導(dǎo)從句時(shí),如主、從句的主語一致,且從句謂語又含有be,則從句主語和be可省略
While (she was) listening to the radio, she fell asleep. 她在聽收音機(jī)時(shí)睡著了。
While (he was) in London, he studied music and painting. 在倫敦時(shí),他學(xué)習(xí)音樂和繪畫。
while I was reading a book, someone called me outside.
三、語法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)&現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/has + done
△……………………………………△
過去 現(xiàn)在
1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。
[注意]常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的幾個(gè)副詞：already，just，ever，yet，never等。
★ already，just多用于肯定句;
★ ever，yet，never多用于疑問句和否定句。如：
2)表示過去已經(jīng)開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。
使用的時(shí)間狀語通常由for或since 引導(dǎo)，但二者后接的詞有所不同：
★ for+一個(gè)時(shí)間段，指某個(gè)動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已持續(xù)了多長時(shí)間，如for three years, for half an hour等.
★ since+具體時(shí)間，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從何時(shí)開始，如since 1980，也可以接“since three years ago, since two months ago等。 ”,
[注意]瞬間動(dòng)詞不能直接和for 或since 連用，但我們可以找一個(gè)相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語來替換這些非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如:
come →be, go out→ be out, leave →be away,
begin / start →be on, stop→ be over，
open →be open, close →be closed,
join →be a member of,
die →be dead,
get to know →know,
get married →be married
become a teacher →be a teacher,
catch a cold →have a cold,
fall asleep →be asleep, fall ill→ be ill
3)have been to/have gone to /have been in 三者區(qū)別：
have (has) been to意為“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了;可與just, ever, never等連用。
have (has) gone to意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中，說話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場。
4）用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的其它時(shí)間狀語：
除了我們講過的already, yet, still，just, ever, never, since短語和 for短語外，還有許多時(shí)間狀語常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，我們要留心將它們和一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語區(qū)分開來：
★lately, recently是完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語；
just now 是過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語。如：
Have you heard from your family lately/recently?
Did you see Joan just now?
★in the past few years 意思是“過去幾年來”，常用于完成時(shí)中；
in the past意思是“在過去”，常用于過去時(shí)中。 如：
Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years.
Where did you work in the past?
★ever since then與from then on / after that 都有“打那以后”之意，
但前者常用于完成時(shí)，而后兩者常用于過去時(shí)。如：
She‘s lived here ever since then.
I didn't hear of Jim from then on/after that.
★before 通常用于完成時(shí)；
...ago通常用于過去時(shí)。如：
I have never been to Japan before.
She went to Japan two years ago.
★ so far“到目前為止”， these days“這些天來”也是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常見的時(shí)間狀語。如：
So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon.
What have you done these days?
5）用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的典型句型：
★句型It is the first （second, third...) time that...的that從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞須用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示到說話時(shí)為止動(dòng)作發(fā)生過幾次。如：
It is the first time that I have been here.
★句型It is the best/most interesting … that...的that從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞須用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示說話為止這是最好/有趣…的人或物.
You are the brightest student that I have ever taught.
2. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：have/has + been + doing
△……………………………………△………
過去 現(xiàn)在
1）表示動(dòng)作從過去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)下去。
2）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示不間斷動(dòng)作，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示間斷動(dòng)作的重復(fù)。
3）how many or how much(次數(shù))對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)提問; 而how long可以對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)提問。
4）有些時(shí)間狀語不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),如:never,yet,already,ever.