in…ways 在…方面 be different from 與…不同
play a role/ part (in) 在…中擔(dān)任角色；在…中起作用;扮演一個(gè)角色；參與
play an important role/ part 在…中起重要作用 because of 因?yàn)�；由�?/p>
such as 例如 believe it or not 信不信由你
come up (vi) 走進(jìn)；上來；發(fā)生；被討論 come up with 提出
come up to a place 參觀某地 ever before 從前
at the end of 在…末期 even if/ though 即使
be based on 在...基礎(chǔ)上 close to 距離…近
make (good/ full) use of （好好/充分）利用 change…into 把…變成
in the early days 在早期 from one place to another 從一處到另一處
take…with…隨身攜帶 the same…as 與…相同的
at present 目前 as a rule 通常；照例
be present at 在席；出席 carry out a rule 執(zhí)行規(guī)則
be absent from 缺席 be a native of 是…人
present sth to sb / present sb with sth be native to 是…的土產(chǎn)動(dòng)物/植物
at sb’s request 應(yīng)某人的要求 have a command of掌握
make a request 請(qǐng)求 give commands 命令
request that …(should)+v原形 in one direction 朝一個(gè)方向
an international language 一門國(guó)際語(yǔ)言 an international organization 一個(gè)國(guó)際組織
in the 1600’s = in the 1600s as we know 正如我們所知
1. However, they may not be able to understand everything.
（然而，他們可能不是什么都懂。）
2. This is because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.
(這是因?yàn)橛?guó)于1765年到1947年統(tǒng)治過印度。)
3. All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.
(當(dāng)不同文化互相溝通時(shí)，所有的語(yǔ)言都會(huì)發(fā)生變化。)
4. What the British call “petrol” the Americans call “gas”.
(美國(guó)人把被英國(guó)人稱作“petrol”的東西稱作“gas”。 此處what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句)
5. Actually, it was based more on German than present day English.
(實(shí)際上，當(dāng)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)更多地是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)的，而現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)不是。)
6. …those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
7. The US is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.
(in which= where, 其引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 美國(guó)是一個(gè)大國(guó)，國(guó)內(nèi)說著許許多多的方言。)
8. …there is more than one kind of English in the world.
(more than one+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù))
9. It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as well as a native English speaker.
(對(duì)于一個(gè)中國(guó)人來說把英語(yǔ)說得跟以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人一樣好是不容易的。)
句型：It is + adj/n+ for sb to do sth 對(duì)于某人來說做某事是…
擴(kuò)充：It is + adj+ of /for sb to do sth
當(dāng)句式中形容詞修飾to do sth 時(shí)用for; 若形容詞修飾sb，則用of.
eg: It’s kind of you to help me carry the box.
附：
1. either…or…和neither…nor…連接兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采取就近原則。
2. be different in 強(qiáng)調(diào)在某方面的不同
be different from 強(qiáng)調(diào)在各方面的不同
3. in the end 最后，最終 后無(wú)of 結(jié)構(gòu)
三個(gè)表示最后最終的用法：
⑴finally: 按照順序的最后，常與first, secondly 等連用
⑵at last: 經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)時(shí)間等待直到最后
⑶in the end: 經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)期曲折斗爭(zhēng)努力，終于… 如：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等
4. 與人交談，常會(huì)有聽不清楚或聽不懂的情形，遇到這種情況該如何開口呢？
⑴Pardon?
⑵I beg your pardon? I don’t understand./ Sorry, I can’t follow you.
對(duì)不起，我沒聽懂，請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f一遍好嗎？
⑶Could you say that again, please? / Could you repeat that, please? 請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f一遍好嗎？
⑷Could you speak more slowly, please? 請(qǐng)你說得慢一點(diǎn)好嗎？
5. include ─ including; included
identity ─ identify
actually ─ actual (adj); rapidly ─ rapid (v)
government (n) ─ govern(v)
wide (adj) ─ widen (v); broad (adj) ─ broaden (v)
foreign ─ foreigner;
solve (v) ─ solution (n)
6. petrol------gas ; lift------elevator; flat------apartment
film------movie; sweets----candy; post------mail