王青
【New words and expressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)（14）
mummy n. 木乃伊
Egyptian adj. 埃及的
temple n. 廟
mark n. 斑點(diǎn)
plate n. （照相）底片
disease n. 疾病
last v. 持續(xù)
prove v. 顯示出
resin n. 樹(shù)脂
skin n. 皮膚
section n. 切片
figure n. （人的）體形；人像
normally adv. 通常地
survive v. 幸免于
★last vi. 持續(xù)，延續(xù)（常跟一個(gè)表示時(shí)間的名詞或短語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
last 直接加時(shí)間或加for+時(shí)間
The meeting lasts (for) three hours.
The war between the two countries lasted (for) over three years/until 1453.
★prove v. 顯示出
①vi. 顯示，表明
prove +adj.
It proves difficult to do the job by herself.
prove +to be +adj.
It proves to be difficult.
② vt. 證明，證實(shí)（后面可跟從句、形容詞、名詞、不定式等）
I will prove it to you. 我將會(huì)證明給你看
We’re been trying to sell our house, but it’s proved to be very difficult.
You should first prove that you bought these goods here.
【Text】
The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of
Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken
of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do
this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard
resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also
found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which
has the head of
389
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)筆記
a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared
that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy
successfully survived the operation.
參考譯文
死于公元前800 年的一位埃及婦女的木乃伊剛剛接受了一次手術(shù)。這是曾在底比斯神殿里當(dāng)過(guò)歌手的
賽潘姆特的木乃伊。由于在給這個(gè)木乃伊拍攝的X 光片子上有點(diǎn)奇怪的斑點(diǎn)，所以，醫(yī)生們一直試圖搞清
這位婦女是否死于一種罕見(jiàn)的疾病。搞清的唯一辦法就是手術(shù)。手術(shù)持續(xù)了4 個(gè)多小時(shí)，非常難做，因?yàn)?/p>
皮膚上覆蓋著一層硬硬的樹(shù)脂。醫(yī)生們從木乃伊身上取下一個(gè)切片，送去化驗(yàn)。他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)了X 光片所沒(méi)
有顯示的東西：一個(gè)蠟制的杜瓦木特夫神小塑像。這種牛頭人身的神像通常被放在木乃伊體內(nèi)。醫(yī)生們至
今還未確定這位婦女的死因。他們?cè)鴵?dān)心在把木乃伊切開(kāi)后，它會(huì)散成碎片，但幸運(yùn)得很，這種情況并未
發(fā)生。這具木乃伊成功地經(jīng)受了這次手術(shù)。
【課文講解】
1、The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation.
B.C. = Before Christ 公元前，放在年代的后面。
A.D. 公元，放在年代的前面,常常可以省略。
2、The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes.
that 指代上文當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)的名詞the mummy。在指代特指事物時(shí)，尤其是在比較狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用that
和those指代提到的事物：
The cost of living here is lower than that in London.
that of和those of一般用于較正式的文體中：
It's colder than Guangzhou. × （北京、廣州是地點(diǎn)，只有大小之分，本身沒(méi)有冷和熱）
The weather of Beijing is colder than Guangzhou. ×
The weather of Beijing is colder than the weather of Guangzhou.
= The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Guangzhou. ∨
The texts of Book Two are more difficult than those of Book One.
The area of the USA is larger than that of Britain.
Temple of Thebes 底比斯神廟
3、As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out
whether the woman died of a rare disease.
take plates of sth. 給……拍片子
take photos of the mountain
take plate 拍片子，take photo 拍照片
4、As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out
whether the woman died of a rare disease.
find out + 從句
die 是瞬間動(dòng)詞，不能和段時(shí)間連用。要和段時(shí)間連用，就必須變成系表結(jié)構(gòu)be dead。die不能用be doing
形式。若用了be doing，表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
He has died for three years. ×
390
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)筆記
die in the accident 死于車(chē)禍
die of + 內(nèi)因死于……
die of hunger
die of grief 死于悲哀
die from + 外因死于……
die from wound （槍傷）
He died from the heart disease.
在日常生活表達(dá)當(dāng)中，die of和die from可以互換。
5、The only way to do this was to operate.
way + of 做……的方式（做定語(yǔ)）
way + to do 做……的方式（做定語(yǔ)）
6、The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died.
what 對(duì)名詞提問(wèn)，how 對(duì)副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)提問(wèn)。
how 在這里是對(duì)of sth.提問(wèn)的。要想用what 提問(wèn)，died后面加of。
decide v. 做出最終的判斷，對(duì)……下判決，解決（懸案）
The police cannot decide yet which of the two men is guilty.
7、They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not
happened.
fear v. 害怕（長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的）
cut open 切開(kāi)
fall to pieces =go to pieces 碎成碎片，散掉
During the storm, the old house fell to pieces.
After two years their marriage fell to pieces.
【Special Difficulties】
B.C. and A.D.
B.C. = Before Christ 公元前（位于年代之后）
The Romans invaded England in 55 B.C.
A.D. = anno Domini(=in the yeare of the Lord=since Christ was born) 公元前（位于年代之前）
George I died in A.D. 1727.
Skin，Leather and Complexion
skin n. 人體的皮膚；指某人是什么顏色的皮膚（可與complexion互換）
We are wet to the skin.
He has a dark skin/complexion.
leather n. 皮革
Shoes made of real leather have become very expensive.
This sofa is made from real leather.
complexion n. 膚色
391
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)筆記
Look at her rosy cheeks. She has a lovely complexion.
Wax and Candle
wax n. 蠟（不可數(shù)名詞）
All the figures in this shop are made of wax.
candle n. 蠟燭（可數(shù)名詞）
I keep a candle by my bed in case the lights go out suddenly.